Brain-computer interface: Proposal of a shaping-based training

Introduction: Persons affected by certain motor disabilities such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis can evolve with important motor and speech difficulties in communication. A BCI (Brain Computer Interface) is a system that allows interaction between the human brain and a computer, permitting the user to control a communication channel through his or her brain activity. It is based on the analysis and processing of electroencephalographic (EEG) signals to generate control commands. The present study focuses on the subjects’ capability to improve the way they learn to control a BCI system. Methods: Two training procedures were compared: standard and progressive shaping response. Six volunteers participated in a reversal singlesubject ABAC design. Results: The study showed that both procedures are equally effective in producing a differential responding in the EEG signals, with no significant differences between them. Nevertheless, there were significant differences when distinguishing two neuronal responses (relax state and hand-movement imagination). Also, in the analysis of individual signals, an adaptive process for the shaping process and a lower error rate in the idle response appeared. Conclusion: Both proposed training procedures, standard and progressive shaping, are equally effective to achieve training of differential responses (imagination of hand/relax) in the interaction with a BCI.